Leukemia is a general term for cancer of the blood (white blood cells). Blood is made in the bone marrow, a spongy material inside the bones.
Blood is made up of:
Red blood cell which containhaemoglobin to carry oxygen around the body
White blood cells which fight infections
Platelets which help to prevent and stop bleeding
The bone marrow produces two main types of white blood cells: neutrophils and lymphocytes, which work together to fight infections.
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a cancer of the neutrophils. Production of white blood cells normally takes place in an orderly and controlled manner, but in leukemia, the process gets out of control, resulting in too manywhite cells. Over a period of time, the bone marrow progressively becomes replaced by the ‘bad cells’ at the expense of the normal white cells, red cells and platelets. The disease usually progresses very slowly, hence the term “chronic’.
Chronic myeloid leukemia can occur at any age, but it more commonly affects middle-aged and older people.
There are three other types of leukemia: chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).